1. The Maiden Tower

Gyz-Galasy – the Maiden Tower is the greatest and the most mysterious architectural monument of Baku. Neither the exact date of the construction of the tower, nor its exact purpose has become known so far.

2. Baba Kuhi Bakuvi’s Mosque

The mosque was discovered in 1964 during the excavations near the Maiden Tower and dates back to the 10^th century. The excavations were ceased to be continued only in 2000. At present the mosque is being restored.

3. Multani Caravanserai

Multani Caravanserai dates back to the 15^th century. The name was derived from the locality in India from where merchants and pilgrims came to Baku. Restored in 1970s the caravanserai is used as a restaurant.

4. Bukhara Caravanserai

Bukhara Caravanserai dates back to the 14^th century. Merchants from Middle East used to put up here, hence the name of the caravanserai. At present there is a restaurant here.

5. Bazaar Square.

Trees grew in this area. In 1964 an arcade of a market was discovered while digging the foundation pit for a restaurant. The square closed the mosque of the 17^th century, which was turned into a church by the Russians, and was pulled down in the Soviet period.
The fragments found during the excavations, as well as those belonging to the Sabail Castle and those lifted from the bottom of the sea are displayed in this square.

6. Haji Gayib’s Bathhouse

Haji Gayib’s Bathhouse or Haji Bathhouse was built on the boundaries of the 15^th-17^th centuries. At present the bathhouse is below the marks of the street in consequence of century-old piled up ground.

7. Cell-madrasa

A small mosque – madrasa (a religious school) dates back to the 18^th century. At present a curiosity shop is located here.

8. Mosque-madrasa

A small mosque – madrasa (a religious school) was built in 1301. At present a curiosity shop is located here.

9. Gasim bay’s Caravanserai

A two-storey caravanserai was built in the 15^th century and was given to a citizen of Baku - Gasim bay and his heir for use by Shirvanshah Khalilullah I. At present Mugham Theatre and a restaurant are located here.

10. The Lezghi mosque

Inside the mosque there is an inscription with a date of 1169 (the year 567 of Hijri) and with the name of the master’s - Ustad Ashur’s son - Ibrahim Bakuyi’s descriptive carving. The mosque got its name on the boundaries of 19^th-20^th centuries when the workers from Daghestan arrived in Baku to earn their living and the inhabitants presented this mosque to them for divine services.

11. The portal of a dwelling house

The Portal of a dwelling house dates back to the 17^th-18^th centuries.

12. Khan’s caravanserai

Khan’s or Great Caravanserai dates back to the 15^th century.

13. Juma Mosque

The public Juma Mosque was constructed by the money of Haji Shykhali Dadashov, a rich man of Baku. It was erected in the place of the old Juma Mosque which, as it is believed, appeared in the place of the temple of fire-worshippers. The new mosque adjoins a minaret erected in 1427.

14. Cell-madrasa

A small cell where a mosque –madrasa was located (a religious school) was constructed in 1645-47. At present there is a curiosity shop here.

15. Seyid Yahya Murtuza’s Mosque

Seyid Yahya Murtuza’s Mosque dates back to the 17^th century. In 1920s it was covered with occasional one-storey buildings on all sides. In 1980s during the reconstruction of the adjacent square the building was freed from the extensions being given its primal view.

16. Mahammad Mosque

Mahammad Ibn Abu-Bakr’s Mosque, known among people as Synyk-gala is a monument dating back to rather an earlier period in the old Baku fortress. There is an inscription on the wall of the mosque. “In the name of Allah Gracious and Merciful! The construction of the building of the mosque was ordered by Ustad, Superior Mahammad, son of Abu-Bakr in the years of 1078/79.

17. Sheikh Ibrahim's Mosque

The rectangular mosque is covered with a stone vault of lancet contours. According to the epigraphic inscription on the façade, the mosque was constructed in 1415/16 (818 of Hijri) under “the Soltan, the son of Sheikh Ibrahim”. The mosque was built by the order of Haji Amir Shah Yagub.

18. Aga Mikayil’s Bathhouse

Aga Mikayil’s Bathhouse was constructed in the 19^th century by a Shamakhy citizen Aga Mikayil. The chimney was built in the form of a rocket. The bath has been functioning ever since.

19. Gileyli Mosque

On the wall of the mosque there is an inscription: “Honoured sadr Amin ad-Din, son of Abu-Bakr ordered to restore this mosque to contemplate the divine image and to please Him. May God help him in his benevolent work. The date is 708 of Hijri (1308/09). The inscription informs about the restoration of the mosque, which was most likely constructed in the earlier period.

20. Chinese Mosque

Epigraphic inscriptions on the façade of the Chinese Mosque indicate that it was constructed in 1375 (in the year 777 of Hijri) by the will of Fadlallah Imam Osman ibn Shirvan, therefore sometimes the mosque is named after him. The inscription on the wall also says that the mosque was restored in 1772/73 (1186 of Hijri) by Masud Ali.

21. The Shirvanshahs’ Palace

The construction of the Shirvan shahs’ residence was started in the 15^th century under Shah Khalilullah I. The palace complex includes the palace itself, Divankhana, a burial vault, a mosque, a mausoleum and a bath-house.

22. Beylar Mosque

Beylar Mosque was built in 1895 in the place of an old mosque. At present a restoration centre is located here.

23. Haji Bani Mosque

The Mosque was constructed by Haji Bani, an architect in the 16^th century. The epigraphic inscription says that the mosque was repaired in 1902/03. At the same time a vestibule part and the women’s half (shabistan) were added.

24. Haji Heibat Mosque

The mosque was erected by Haji Heibat Amirali oglu in 1791 (1206) and is located in an ordinary construction of living quarters. In one of the corners of the chapel were buried the architect and his wife.

25. Tower

A quadrangular tower was called Jabbakhana – an arsenal. It is situated at the north-western fortress wall and adjoins Ismailliya building. The tower was included in the system of the defence constructions of the fortress, defending the city on the north side. It dates back to the 14^th century. It was last restored in 1950-60s.

26. Shamakhy Gates

Shamakhy Gates were the main gates of the fortress. They appeared in the 12^th century. The gates situated to the left appeared next to the first ones in the 19^th century when the second row of the walls were pulled down.

27. Molla Ahmad Mosque

Molla Ahmad Mosque belongs to the block type of mosques and was constructed in 1300/01 (700 of Hijri). It was built by the order of Nasraddin Gushtasp ibn Hasan Hajibaba, its architect was Ustad Mahmud ibn Sad, the author of the well-known constructions including the castle in the settlement of Nardaran and the mosque with a minaret in the settlement of Bibi-Heibat (the end of the 13^th century).

28. Mirza Ahmad’s Mosque

Mirza Ahmad’s Mosque dates back to 1347/48. From the inscription on the mosque: “the construction of this mosque was ordered by the star of the people and religion Movlana /our lord/ Ahmad son of the late Shams ad-Din Mahammad al-Hafiz ad-Damgani – Long live his dignity and fame! - in the year of 748 of the Hijri calendar.”

29. Khan’s House

Khan’s House consisted of three buildings and was constructed in 1747. After the occupation of Baku khanate by the Russians in 1806, the house was looted and came to be used as a soldiers’ barrack. At present the only surviving parts of the Khan’s House are the entrance and the foundation. The excavations carried out there enable to suggest that this place was populated in the 9-10^th centuries.

30. The underground passage

The underground passage within the fortress walls was discovered relatively recently.

31. Gasim Bay’s Bathhouse

Gasim Bay’s Bathhouse or Shirin-hamam dates back to the 17^th century. The water supply, the heating system of the bathhouse were carried out through ceramic pipes set inside the walls and beneath the floor. The bathhouse was restored in the 1970s and adjusted to a Green Drugstore.